Varicose veins (varices)

Varicose veins are dilated veins in the superficial venous system. They are often visible, twisted veins under the skin. They are caused by a weakness of the venous wall, which leads to a dilation of the veins and consequently to a loss of function of the venous valves. This leads to blood reflux and congestion, which worsens the dilation of the veins.

The most common cause is a genetic predisposition. Other contributing factors include prolonged sitting or standing, pregnancy, increasing age (loss of elasticity of the skin and subcutaneous tissue) and obesity. Approximately 50% of the population has more or less pronounced varicose veins. Around 6% have skin changes, and 1% have leg ulcers (venous leg ulcers).

The most common symptoms are visible twisted veins, a feeling of heaviness, pain and /or warmth in the legs, tightness, nighttime calf cramps, itching, restless legs, swelling or open leg ulcers.